{"id":477,"date":"2026-02-28T10:01:17","date_gmt":"2026-02-28T10:01:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/heartcareforyou.in\/blog\/s1-definition-clinical-context-and-cardiology-overview\/"},"modified":"2026-02-28T10:01:17","modified_gmt":"2026-02-28T10:01:17","slug":"s1-definition-clinical-context-and-cardiology-overview","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/heartcareforyou.in\/blog\/s1-definition-clinical-context-and-cardiology-overview\/","title":{"rendered":"S1: Definition, Clinical Context, and Cardiology Overview"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S1 Introduction (What it is)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S1 is the first heart sound heard during cardiac auscultation.<br\/>\nIt is a physical exam finding (a normal heart sound) generated at the start of ventricular systole.<br\/>\nS1 is commonly assessed with a stethoscope during bedside cardiovascular examination.<br\/>\nClinicians use S1 to help time murmurs and to infer basic valve and ventricular dynamics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why S1 matters in cardiology (Clinical relevance)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S1 matters because it helps anchor the cardiac cycle at the bedside. When clinicians listen to the heart, identifying S1 allows them to distinguish systole (between S1 and S2) from diastole (between S2 and the next S1). That timing is foundational for interpreting murmurs (for example, whether a murmur is systolic or diastolic), extra heart sounds, and rhythm irregularities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Changes in the intensity, quality, or splitting of S1 can provide clues\u2014often subtle\u2014about atrioventricular (AV) valve motion, ventricular contractility, and the timing of electrical activation relative to mechanical closure. For learners, S1 is also a practical bridge between electrocardiography (ECG) and physiology: it occurs shortly after ventricular depolarization and is linked to the onset of mechanical systole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Importantly, S1 is rarely interpreted in isolation. Its value increases when integrated with symptoms, pulse findings, blood pressure, ECG, and echocardiography. In that way, S1 contributes to diagnostic clarity and helps structure clinical reasoning, even when definitive decisions rely on imaging and other tests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Classification \/ types \/ variants<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S1 is a normal heart sound rather than a disease entity, so it is not \u201cstaged\u201d like many conditions. The most clinically relevant way to categorize S1 is by <strong>intensity<\/strong>, <strong>splitting<\/strong>, and <strong>variation with rhythm or conduction<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Common variants described in bedside cardiology include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Normal S1<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Typically a single sound at the apex, marking the start of systole.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Loud (accentuated) S1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Often discussed when AV valve leaflets are relatively wide open at the onset of systole, or when ventricular contraction rises briskly.<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>The clinical significance varies by clinician and case.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Soft (diminished) S1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Commonly described when AV valve closure is less abrupt, valve leaflets are less mobile, or the sound is muffled by body habitus or lung disease.<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Interpretation is context-dependent.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Split S1<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>S1 contains contributions from mitral valve closure (M1) and tricuspid valve closure (T1).<\/li>\n<li>When these components are separated enough to be heard as two parts, it is termed \u201csplitting.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Splitting may be more noticeable along the lower left sternal border and can be influenced by conduction timing (for example, some bundle branch blocks).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These descriptors are best treated as <strong>signals to consider physiology and timing<\/strong>, not as stand-alone diagnoses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Relevant anatomy &amp; physiology<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S1 primarily reflects events around <strong>AV valve closure<\/strong> and the onset of ventricular contraction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Key structures involved:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Left atrium and left ventricle<\/strong>, separated by the <strong>mitral valve<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Right atrium and right ventricle<\/strong>, separated by the <strong>tricuspid valve<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Chordae tendineae and papillary muscles<\/strong>, which stabilize AV valve leaflets during ventricular systole<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ventricular myocardium<\/strong>, which generates the rapid pressure rise that closes the AV valves<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cardiac conduction system<\/strong>, which coordinates contraction:<\/li>\n<li>Sinoatrial (SA) node \u2192 atrioventricular (AV) node \u2192 His-Purkinje system<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Physiologic context:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>At the end of diastole, the ventricles fill and AV valves are open.<\/li>\n<li>Ventricular systole begins after electrical activation (ventricular depolarization on ECG).<\/li>\n<li>As ventricular pressure rises above atrial pressure, the mitral and tricuspid valves close.<\/li>\n<li>The early part of systole includes <strong>isovolumetric contraction<\/strong>, a brief period when both AV valves and semilunar valves (aortic and pulmonic) are closed while ventricular pressure rapidly increases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>S1 is typically best heard with the <strong>diaphragm<\/strong> of the stethoscope near the <strong>apex<\/strong> (mitral area), though both ventricles contribute to the overall sound.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pathophysiology or mechanism<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Mechanistically, S1 is produced by <strong>vibrations<\/strong> generated when the AV valves close and the ventricle transitions into early systole. The sound is not simply the \u201cvalves slamming shut\u201d; rather, it reflects complex interactions among:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Valve leaflet motion and tension<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Chordae\/papillary muscle apparatus stabilization<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Rapid rise in ventricular pressure (dP\/dt)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Vibration of adjacent blood, myocardium, and valve structures<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Factors that can modify S1 (conceptual, not exhaustive):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Valve mobility<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>More mobile leaflets can be associated with a sharper closure sound.<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Heavily thickened or calcified valves may move less, potentially softening S1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Timing between atrial contraction and ventricular contraction<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>In some rhythms, the position of the AV valves at the onset of systole varies beat-to-beat, contributing to variable S1 intensity.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Conduction delays<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>If right and left ventricular activation are not simultaneous, M1 and T1 may separate more than usual, contributing to a split S1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Hemodynamic state<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Changes in filling and pressure gradients can influence how abruptly valves close.<\/li>\n<li>The clinical impact varies by protocol and patient factors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Because many of these influences overlap in real patients, S1 findings should be interpreted as <strong>probabilistic clues<\/strong>, not definitive proof of a single mechanism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Clinical presentation or indications<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S1 is encountered whenever clinicians evaluate the cardiovascular system, especially in these scenarios:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Routine physical exam<\/strong> during health visits or hospital admission<\/li>\n<li><strong>Evaluation of dyspnea, chest discomfort, palpitations, or syncope<\/strong>, where auscultation helps frame the differential<\/li>\n<li><strong>Assessment of murmurs<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>S1 helps determine whether a murmur occurs in systole (S1\u2192S2) or diastole (S2\u2192S1)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rhythm assessment at the bedside<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Irregular rhythms can produce beat-to-beat changes in S1 intensity<\/li>\n<li><strong>Suspected valvular heart disease<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>AV valve pathology can alter S1 intensity or quality<\/li>\n<li><strong>Heart failure or cardiomyopathy workups<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Overall heart sounds may be soft or hard to appreciate, depending on physiology and exam conditions<\/li>\n<li><strong>Teaching settings<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>S1 is a cornerstone for learning the cardiac cycle and correlating auscultation with ECG and echocardiography<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Diagnostic evaluation &amp; interpretation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S1 is not \u201cdiagnosed\u201d by a single test; it is <strong>interpreted<\/strong> as part of bedside and imaging-based evaluation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bedside assessment<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Clinicians typically evaluate S1 by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Locating S1<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Often loudest at the apex in many patients<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Compared with S2 to identify systole versus diastole<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Assessing intensity<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Is S1 relatively loud, normal, or soft compared with S2?<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Is the intensity stable or variable from beat to beat?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Listening for splitting<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Is S1 perceived as one sound or two closely spaced components?<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Findings may be clearer in some positions and at certain auscultation sites.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Timing with pulse and ECG (when available)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Carotid upstroke typically occurs during systole after S1.<\/li>\n<li>On ECG, S1 occurs after the QRS complex begins (exact timing varies with physiologic conditions).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Correlation with other findings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Because auscultation is subjective and affected by environment and anatomy, clinicians often integrate S1 with:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>History and symptoms<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Exertional intolerance, orthopnea, palpitations, or syncope may prompt further evaluation<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>ECG<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Rhythm and conduction patterns can explain variable S1 intensity or splitting<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Echocardiography<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Provides structural and functional assessment of valves and ventricles<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Helps confirm suspected valvular disease, ventricular dysfunction, or chamber enlargement<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Additional tests when indicated<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Labs, chest imaging, or advanced cardiac imaging may be used depending on the clinical scenario<\/li>\n<li>Selection varies by clinician and case<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Interpretation patterns (general)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Common interpretive associations discussed in education include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Variable S1 intensity<\/strong> with irregular AV timing (for example, some arrhythmias or AV dissociation patterns)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Soft S1<\/strong> when AV valve closure is less forceful or when sound transmission is reduced (body habitus, lung hyperinflation, pericardial effusion as part of generally muffled heart sounds)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Accentuated S1<\/strong> in situations where AV valve closure is brisk or valve leaflets are widely open at systole onset (interpretation depends on context)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These associations are <strong>not diagnostic rules<\/strong>. They serve as prompts to consider confirmatory evaluation, often with echocardiography.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Management overview (General approach)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S1 itself is a <strong>heart sound<\/strong>, not a condition to treat. Management, when relevant, focuses on the <strong>underlying cause<\/strong> of an abnormal or notable S1 finding and on how the finding shapes clinical reasoning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>How S1 fits into care pathways:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>As an exam anchor<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Helps clinicians time murmurs and decide whether a murmur pattern suggests valvular stenosis, regurgitation, or other flow states.<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Can influence the urgency and choice of follow-up testing (commonly echocardiography), depending on symptoms and overall risk.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>As a clue to rhythm\/conduction<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Beat-to-beat variability in S1 may raise suspicion for arrhythmias, prompting ECG evaluation.<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Conduction delays that widen the separation of valve closure components can be correlated with ECG findings.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>As part of longitudinal assessment<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>In known valvular or cardiomyopathic disease, changes in heart sounds may contribute to the clinical narrative alongside imaging, biomarkers, and functional status.<\/li>\n<li>The degree to which clinicians rely on auscultation varies by training, setting, and available diagnostic tools.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Management categories that may follow from abnormal clinical context (not from S1 alone):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Conservative\/monitoring approaches<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Observation with periodic reassessment when overall risk appears low and symptoms are absent or minimal (varies by protocol and patient factors)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Medical therapy<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Used when symptoms or hemodynamics suggest heart failure, arrhythmias, hypertension, or other contributory conditions<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Specific choices depend on diagnosis rather than the sound itself<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Interventional\/surgical approaches<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Considered when imaging confirms significant valvular disease or structural pathology and clinical context supports intervention<\/li>\n<li>Timing and selection vary by clinician and case<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Complications, risks, or limitations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S1 does not create complications, but there are important <strong>limitations and pitfalls<\/strong> in relying on S1 for decision-making:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Subjectivity and inter-observer variability<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Perception of loudness and splitting can differ across examiners.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Exam conditions<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Background noise, patient positioning, and time constraints can reduce accuracy.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Patient factors affecting sound transmission<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Obesity, chest wall thickness, lung hyperinflation (for example, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), and edema can soften heart sounds.<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Tachycardia can make separation of sounds harder to discern.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Over-attribution<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>A soft or loud S1 can have multiple explanations; assigning a single cause without corroboration can be misleading.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>False reassurance<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>A \u201cnormal\u201d S1 does not exclude significant disease.<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Many cardiac conditions require ECG, echocardiography, and clinical correlation.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Confusion with other sounds<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Extra heart sounds (S3, S4), clicks, or murmurs can complicate identification, especially for early learners.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These limitations are why auscultation is typically combined with confirmatory testing when clinically indicated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prognosis &amp; follow-up considerations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>S1 is a physiologic marker rather than a diagnosis, so prognosis is determined by the <strong>underlying condition<\/strong>, if any, that explains an abnormal S1 or the clinical scenario prompting evaluation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>General follow-up considerations include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>If S1 is normal in an asymptomatic person<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>This is often a routine finding and may not prompt additional evaluation by itself.<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Follow-up needs depend on the broader clinical picture.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>If S1 is altered and symptoms are present<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Prognosis depends on whether the cause is a rhythm disturbance, valvular disease, cardiomyopathy, volume status change, or another process.<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Earlier identification of clinically significant structural disease can support timely monitoring and treatment planning.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>If a murmur or rhythm abnormality is suspected<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>S1 helps clinicians time the finding, but echocardiography and ECG typically guide diagnosis and longitudinal management.<\/li>\n<li>The frequency and type of follow-up vary by clinician and case.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In education, a practical \u201cprognosis\u201d point is that improving skill in identifying S1 tends to improve overall auscultation accuracy and clinical reasoning, especially when paired with ECG and echo correlation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S1 Common questions (FAQ)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: What does S1 mean in cardiology?<\/strong><br\/>\nS1 refers to the first heart sound heard with a stethoscope. It marks the beginning of ventricular systole and is closely related to closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves. Clinicians use it as a timing reference for murmurs and other heart sounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: Where is S1 best heard?<\/strong><br\/>\nS1 is often most prominent at the cardiac apex (the mitral area), though it can be heard across the precordium. Audibility depends on patient anatomy, positioning, heart rate, and background noise. Clinicians typically compare what they hear at multiple auscultation points.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: Is S1 the same as the \u201club\u201d in \u201club-dub\u201d?<\/strong><br\/>\nYes. In common teaching language, S1 corresponds to the \u201club,\u201d and S2 (second heart sound) corresponds to the \u201cdub.\u201d This shorthand helps learners map auscultation to the cardiac cycle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: What does a loud S1 suggest?<\/strong><br\/>\nA loud S1 can be associated with brisk AV valve closure and certain hemodynamic or rhythm contexts. It may also be influenced by how close the stethoscope is to the heart and by chest wall characteristics. The significance varies by clinician and case and is usually interpreted alongside ECG and echocardiography.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: What does a soft S1 suggest?<\/strong><br\/>\nA soft S1 can occur when AV valve closure is less abrupt, valve leaflets are less mobile, or sound transmission is reduced (such as with increased chest wall thickness or lung hyperinflation). It can also be part of generally muffled heart sounds in some clinical states. Clinicians typically correlate this finding with symptoms, vital signs, and imaging when appropriate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: Can S1 be \u201csplit,\u201d and what does that mean?<\/strong><br\/>\nS1 has two components\u2014mitral (M1) and tricuspid (T1) closure. If these occur far enough apart in time, an examiner may perceive a split S1. Splitting can be influenced by conduction timing and right versus left ventricular activation patterns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: How is S1 related to the ECG?<\/strong><br\/>\nS1 occurs after ventricular depolarization begins, so it follows the onset of the QRS complex. The exact relationship can shift with conduction delays and hemodynamic factors. Clinicians often use ECG to help explain unusual timing or variability in S1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: Does a normal S1 rule out heart disease?<\/strong><br\/>\nNo. Many structural and electrical heart conditions can be present even when S1 seems normal. Auscultation is one component of evaluation, and clinicians may use ECG and echocardiography when the history, exam, or risk profile suggests a need.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Q: What are typical next steps if S1 seems abnormal on exam?<\/strong><br\/>\nIn practice, clinicians usually re-check auscultation in different positions, assess for murmurs and rhythm irregularity, and correlate with vital signs and the broader exam. An ECG is commonly used to evaluate rhythm and conduction, and echocardiography may be used to assess valve structure and function. The exact pathway varies by protocol and patient factors.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S1 is the first heart sound heard during cardiac auscultation. It is a physical exam finding (a normal heart sound) generated at the start of ventricular systole. S1 is commonly assessed with a stethoscope during bedside cardiovascular examination. Clinicians use S1 to help time murmurs and to infer basic valve and ventricular dynamics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/heartcareforyou.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/477","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/heartcareforyou.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/heartcareforyou.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heartcareforyou.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heartcareforyou.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=477"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/heartcareforyou.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/477\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/heartcareforyou.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=477"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heartcareforyou.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=477"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heartcareforyou.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=477"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}