Year: 2026

Palpitations are an awareness of the heartbeat that feels unusual or uncomfortable. Palpitations are a symptom, not a diagnosis. They are commonly encountered in outpatient cardiology, emergency care, and primary care triage. They can reflect benign physiologic states or clinically important arrhythmias.

Premature Atrial Contraction is an early heartbeat that starts in the atria before the next expected sinus beat. It is a type of cardiac arrhythmia (specifically a supraventricular ectopic beat). It is commonly encountered on electrocardiograms (ECGs), ambulatory monitors, and in evaluations of palpitations. It often appears in both healthy people and in patients with underlying cardiovascular disease.

Premature Ventricular Contraction is an early heartbeat that starts in the ventricles instead of the usual pacemaker. It is a cardiac rhythm finding (an arrhythmia) most often recognized on an electrocardiogram (ECG). It is commonly encountered during routine ECGs, ambulatory monitoring, and evaluation of palpitations. It can occur in healthy hearts or alongside structural heart disease, depending on the clinical context.

Sick Sinus Syndrome is a condition where the heart’s natural pacemaker does not consistently generate or transmit normal impulses. It is a cardiac conduction disorder rather than a single rhythm diagnosis. It is commonly encountered when evaluating bradycardia (slow heart rate), syncope (fainting), dizziness, or unexplained fatigue. It often arises in ambulatory ECG monitoring and electrophysiology-oriented cardiology care.

Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome is a cardiac conduction condition that can cause episodes of rapid heart rhythm. It belongs to the category of arrhythmia syndromes linked to an extra electrical connection in the heart. It is commonly encountered in cardiology when evaluating palpitations, supraventricular tachycardia, or an abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG). It is also discussed in risk assessment because some rhythm patterns can conduct dangerously fast.

Brugada Syndrome is an inherited cardiac electrical condition associated with a distinctive electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern. It is a clinical syndrome (a condition) that can increase the risk of dangerous ventricular arrhythmias in some people. It is commonly encountered in cardiology through ECG interpretation, syncope evaluation, and sudden cardiac death risk assessment. It is often discussed in the context of inherited arrhythmia clinics and family screening.

Short QT Syndrome is a rare heart rhythm condition. It belongs to a group of inherited electrical heart disorders called channelopathies. It is defined by an abnormally short QT interval on an electrocardiogram (ECG), often with a tendency toward arrhythmias. It is most commonly encountered in cardiology and electrophysiology when evaluating syncope, palpitations, atrial fibrillation, or unexplained cardiac arrest.

Long QT Syndrome is a cardiac condition that involves delayed electrical recovery of the ventricles. It is an arrhythmia-related disorder most often discussed under “channelopathies,” meaning ion-channel diseases. It is commonly encountered when interpreting an electrocardiogram (ECG) or evaluating syncope, palpitations, or sudden cardiac arrest risk.

Right Bundle Branch Block is a pattern on the electrocardiogram (ECG) showing delayed electrical activation of the right ventricle. It is a conduction abnormality (an ECG finding), not a symptom by itself. It is commonly encountered in cardiology during ECG interpretation in outpatient care, emergency settings, and inpatient monitoring. It may appear in healthy people or alongside heart and lung disease, depending on clinical context.

Left Bundle Branch Block is an electrocardiogram (ECG) finding that reflects delayed electrical activation of the left ventricle. It is a conduction abnormality, not a symptom, although it may appear in symptomatic patients. It is commonly encountered when interpreting ECGs in chest pain, heart failure, syncope evaluation, and preoperative testing. It can be incidental or a clue to underlying structural heart disease.